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13.11.1 Piped Process Execution

The process to be created will have its standard input and output piped to the program that created it. Alternatively, the process may have its standard input, output and error redirected to files. The latter are closed for the new process once the redirection was done.

Piping to program may be precluded by redirecting I/O to the program standard input and output. Swapping standard error and output is possible.